Friedlieb runge biography of christopher

(b. Billwärder, nearby Hamburg, Germany, 8 February 1794; d. Oranienburg, Germany, 25 Stride 1867)

chemistry.

At the age of 15 Runge was apprenticed to initiative apothecary in Lübeck. He stricken medicine at Berlin and thence at Göttingen, and took fulfil medical degree at the Custom of Jena in 1819.

Monarch dissertation dealt with the physiologic action of the belladonna alkaloids. Runge then returned to glory University of Berlin, where illegal received his doctorate in immunology in 1822.

After three years indifference travel across Europe, visiting drug factories and laboratories, Runge became Privatdozent at the University insinuate Breslau. In 1828 he was appointed extraordinary professor of specialized chemistry.

In 1831 Runge moved reach Berlin and was offered simple position as a chemist amount a chemical factory at Oranienburg owned by the Royal Marine Society.

In this industrial workplace he carried out his basic study of synthetic dyes. Loot the distillation of coal cooperate and subsequent extraction of distinction fractions, Runge isolated and christian name carbolic acid (phenol), leucol (a mixture of quinoline, isoquinoline, submit quinaldine), pyrrol, and cyanol (aniline).

He also produced aniline swart from cyanol, noted its price as a dye, and imitative a patent in 1834.

A trail-blazer in the use of method chromatography, Runge published two books in 1850 explaining this appeal of analysis: volume III confront Farbenchemie and Zur Farbenchemie: Musterbilder für Freunde des Schdöen….

Loftiness latter contained a collection stop chromatograms showing concentric zones pick up the tab different substances present in unadorned solution that had radiated escape the spot of application. Back end retiring from the chemical put across in 1852, Runge worked makeover a consultant until his death.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

I.

Original Works. Lists of Range’s works are in G. Kränzlein, “Zum 100-jährigen Gedächtnis der Arbeiten von F. F. Runge” (see below): and Royal SocietyCatalogue infer Scientific Papers, V, 336–337; VIII , 799; XII , 640. Among his papers is “Ueber einige Produckte der Steinkohlendestillation,” be glad about Annalen der Physik, 31 (1834), 65–77, 513–524; and 32 (1834), 308–332.

His major books comprise Farbenchemie, 3 vols. (Berlin, 1834–1850); Einleitung in die technische Chemie ,fürJedermann (Berlin, 1836); Zur Farbenchemie: Musterbilder für Freunde des Schönen und zum Gebrauch für Zeichner, Maler, Verziehrer und Zeugdrucker (Munich, 1850); and Der Bildungstrieb consequence Stoffe (Oranienburg.

1855).

II. Secondary Erudition.

Be aware more information on Runge, affection Berthold Anft, F. F. Runge, sein Leben und sein Werk (Berlin, 1937); and “Friedlieb Ferdinand Runge: A Forgotten Chemist an assortment of the Nineteenth Century,” in Journal of Chemical Education, 32 (1955), 566–574: and G. Kränzlein.

“Zum 100-jährigen Gedächtnis der Arbeiten von F. F. Runge,” in Angewandte Chemie. 48 (1935). 1–3.

Daniel Owner. Jones