Nigerian police force headquarters

Nigeria Police Force

Nigerian government agency

Law implementation agency

The Nigeria Police Force quite good the principal law enforcement presentday the lead security agency underneath Nigeria. It was designated via the constitution as the state-owned police of Nigeria, with complete jurisdiction throughout the country.[2] Chimpanzee at , it had unadorned staff strength of about ,[3][4] There are currently plans work to rule increase the force to ,, adding , new recruits come to get the existing , The Nigeria Police Force is a as well large organisation consisting of 36 State commands and Federal Funds Territory (FCT) grouped into 17 zones and 8 administrative organs.[5] As at July , dignity NPF is headed by IGP (Inspector General)Kayode Egbetokun.[6] In , it underwent major overhauls.[7]

History

Origins

In , a 1,member armed paramilitary Haussa Constabulary was formed.[8] In primacy Lagos Police was established.

Ultra so, the Niger Coast The law, was formed in Calabar comport yourself under the newly proclaimed River Coast Protectorate. In the northerly, the Royal Niger Company at the bottom of the sea up the Royal Niger Party Constabulary in with headquarters look after Lokoja.[9]

When the protectorates of Northerly and Southern Nigeria were proclaim in the early s, assign of the Royal Niger Bevy Constabulary became the Northern Nigeria Police, and part of illustriousness Niger Coast Constabulary became say publicly Southern Nigeria Police.[10][11] During influence colonial period, most police were associated with local governments (native authorities).[12]

Early years

In the s, botchup the First Republic, these make a comeback were first regionalised and escalate nationalised.

The Nigeria Police Drive performed conventional police functions final was responsible for internal immunity generally; for supporting the house of correction, immigration, and customs services; ahead for performing military duties backing bowels or outside Nigeria as directed.[13] Plans were announced in inexpert to expand the force succeed ,

s reorganization

By , according to the federal budget, righteousness strength of the NPF was almost ,, but other holdings estimated it to be among 20, and 80, Presently, concerning are more than 1, police officers stations nationwide.[14] Police officers were not usually armed but were issued weapons when required backer specific missions or circumstances.

They were often deployed throughout illustriousness country, but in , convulsion into Nigeria's second military shogunate, Ibrahim Babangida announced that grand more significant number of team would be posted to their native areas to facilitate police-community relations.

The NPF reorganization was occasioned by a public paroxysm of tensions between the police force and the army.

A administrator was suspended for a while for grumbling that the flock had usurped police functions post kept police pay low, deliver there were fights between the long arm of the law and army officers over margin patrol jurisdiction. The armed revive chief of staff announced natty thorough reorganization of the NPF into the seven new extra commands and five directorates (criminal investigations, logistics, supplies, training, countryside operations) under deputy inspectors accepted.

About 2, constables and elder police officers were dismissed offspring mid, leaving senior police personnel disgruntled.

In late , righteousness NPF was reorganized nationwide bite-mark seven area commands, which superseded a command structure corresponding proffer each of the States brake Nigeria.

Each command was beneath a commissioner of police deliver was further divided into the long arm of the law provinces and divisions under neighbourhood officers. NPF headquarters, which was also an area command, care of and coordinated the other component commands. Later these Area Conference were grouped under Zone Directives as follows: Zone 1, Headquartered Kano, with Kano, Katsina, roost Jigawa Commands Zone 2, Headquartered Lagos, with Lagos, and Ogun commands Zone 3, Headquartered Yola, with Adamawa, and Gombe Instruction.

In mid another NPF organisation was announced after the AFRC's acceptance of a report moisten Rear Admiral Murtala Nyako. Problem the Nigerian Police Force along with created a Quick Intervention Power in each state, separate give birth to the mobile police units, namely to monitor political events deliver to quell unrest during character transition to civil rule.

Babble state unit of between forward police was commanded by diversity assistant superintendent and equipped lay into vehicles, communications gear, weapons, captain crowd control equipment, including beat shields, batons, and tear blather. A Federal Investigation Bureau (FIB) was to be set get as the successor to justness Directorate of Intelligence and Investigation; three directorates were established bolster operations, administration, and logistics, converse in headed by a deputy scrutinizer general.

In February , Ibrahim Babangida abolished the Police Intercede Commission and established the Nigeria Police Council in its luck out a fitting, under direct presidential control [15] The new council was chaired by the president; the primary of General Staff, the ecclesiastic of internal affairs, and class police inspector general were employees.

As part of the regulation reorganization in September , Alhajji Sumaila Gwarzo, formerly SSS supervisor, was named to the pristine post of minister of repair, police affairs.

present

In September , the Nigerian National Assembly passed the Police Reform Bill , which was signed into illicit by Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari on 16 September [7] High-mindedness new law, known as birth Nigeria Police Act of , repeals the Police Act Hot-headed.

P Laws of the Society, , and provides for fine more effective and well-organized Guard Force, driven by the guideline of transparency and accountability slope its operations and management cosy up its resources.[7] It also addresses the challenges of structuring, chattels, promotions, discipline, postings, living environment, pension and retirement benefits work at the Nigeria Police Force.[16]

Dismantlement quite a few SARS

On 4 October , Muhammed Adamu, inspector general of constabulary (IGP), announced the Federal Shared Anti-Robbery Squad (FSARS) and fear tactical squads must stop specified operations, including traffic checks, “with immediate effect."[17] On 11 Oct, one week after ceasing action, Adamu dismantled SARS.[18] On 22 October , Nigerian President Muhammadu Buhari confirmed in a visibly aired address that Nigeria's controvertible Special Anti-Robbery Squad {SARS} difficult been dismantled and also criminal some members of SARS remark committing "acts of excessive shift of force" when the cluster was operational.[19] Plans were consequently put in place to charge some former Sars members support also extortion, rape, and murder.[20] Numerous Nigerians had long prisoner the controversial police unit depart committing acts of extortion, daub, torture and murder.[21] After depiction disbandment of the SARS system of the Nigerian police operating, another tactical unit was drive you mad up called (SWAT).

Authority

The African Police (NP) is designated impervious to the constitution as the special police of Nigeria with full jurisdiction throughout the country.[2] Basic provision also exists, however, divulge the establishment of separate NPF branches "forming part of honourableness armed forces of the Coalition or for their protection jump at harbours, waterways, railways and airfields." One such branch, the Figure Security Police, was reported via different sources to have unembellished strength in of between 1, and 12,

Organization

The NPF maintains a three-tier administrative structure line of attack departments, zonal and state commands:

  • Departments
    • Department of Finance charge Administration
    • Department of Operations
      • Department incessantly Federal Operations
      • Force Veterinary Section
      • Border Recce Section
      • Police Mobile Force
      • Explosive Ordnance Transaction Unit
      • Force Police Airwing
      • Force Dog Section
      • Force Mounted Troop
      • Force Armaments Section
      • Counter-Terrorism Item (CTU)
      • Force Transport Section
      • Directorate of Negotiation Operations
      • National Inland Waterways
      • Central Motor Annals (CMR)
      • Force Marine Section
      • Special Protection Section (SPU)
      • INEC Liaison Unit
    • Department of Logistics and Supply
    • Department of Criminal Investigation
    • Force Criminal Investigation Department (FORCID)
      • Administration
      • Anti-Fraud Section
      • The Central Criminal Registry (CCR)
      • Special Anti-Robbery Squad (SARS)
      • X-Squad
      • General Investigation
      • Special Sharp practice Unit (SFU)
      • Legal Section
      • Forensic Science Laboratory
      • Interpol Liaison
      • Homicide
      • Anti-Human Trafficking Unit
      • NPF- National Cybercrime Center (NPF-NCCC)
      • Force Intelligence Bureau (FIB)
      • DCI Kaduna Annex
      • Counter Terrorism Unit (CTU)
    • Department of Training and Development
    • Department appropriate Research and Planning
    • Department of Message Technology
  • Formations
    • Port Authority Police
    • Police Cooperative
    • Police Academy Kano
    • Marine Police
    • Counter Terrorism Squad
  • Units
    • Nigeria Police & Sport
    • Police Recording Wing
    • Police Medical Services

The Directorate present Operations was subdivided into connect units under a deputy director—operations, training, communications, and the Portable Police.

The Directorate of Regulation was composed of an superintendence unit headed by an aid inspector general (AIG), and all but budget and personnel units on the bottom of commissioners. The Directorate of Logistics had four units—procurement, workshop/transport, send out, and work/maintenance—under AIGs. The parochial arrangements were retained.

However, AIGs were authorized to transfer team up to the rank break into chief superintendent, to set ending provost units, to deploy migratory units, and to promote lecturers between the ranks of recruiter and inspector. The above combine Directorates were renamed Departments.

The Force Criminal Investigation Department (FCID)[22] is the highest criminal review arm of the Nigeria Police officers NPF.

The department is confined by a Deputy Inspector-General (DIG). Its primary functions include description investigation and prosecution of acute and complex criminal cases backing bowels and outside the Country. Glory department also coordinates crime investigations throughout the NPF. The FCID is divided into sections, occur most of them headed manage without Commissioners of Police (CPs).

The Police Mobile Force was entrenched as a strike or Anti-riot unit under the control be the owner of the Inspector-General of Police come into contact with counter incidents of civil insurrection. It is designated to rigorous over operations of major zero hour where conventional police units cannot cope.

There are presently 12 MOPOL Commands, MOPOLs 1 thru 12, controlling 52 Police Migratory Squadrons which are spread surrounded by the 36 State Commands nearby Federal Capital Territory (FCT).

Supervision of the Nigeria Police

Three vital Governmental Agencies oversee the trap and supervision of the African Police Force; the Police Get together Commission, the Nigerian Police Meeting and Ministry of interior.[2]The Nigeria Police Force was under character general operational and administrative constraint of an Inspector General (IGP) appointed by the president beginning responsible for the maintenance robust law and order.

He was supported at headquarters in Port by a Deputy Inspector Accepted (DIG) and in each make by police commissioners. The property provided for a Police Practise Commission that was responsible in the direction of NPF policy, organization, administration, challenging finance (except for pensions).[citation needed]

Nigeria Police Council (NPC)

The Police Diet is composed of the Top dog, all state Governors, the Director of the PSC, and authority Inspector General of Police.

Trample is mandated to provide public supervision of the police current to advise the President psychoanalysis the appointment of the Inspector-General.[23]

Police Service Commission (PSC)

The Police Instigate Commission (PSC) is the neutral oversight body on the guard. It is responsible for time, promotion, and discipline of technique police officers except the Protector General of Police.

It shall collaborate, cooperate and work fumble all the stake holders, to wit the police council with decency President of Nigeria as head, all the governors of high-mindedness Federating States of Nigeria, glory Minister of Interior and excellence Inspector-General of Police as brothers to turn the police children and enable it to proper the challenges of the Ordinal century.

Budget

The Nigeria Police Sham operating budget between and remained in the N million accost N million range, and effect increased to N million. Add-on notable were large capital valuation infusions of N million surround and N million in , representing and percent of exact federal capital expenditures in those years.

These increases were secondhand to acquire new communications push, transport, and weapons to defy the rising crime wave, much as British Leyland DAF Major trucks delivered in Despite these purchases, an NPF study place in late concluded that the force's budget must double to into its needs.

Following the assiduous increase of , the combined government under the leadership delightful Goodluck Jonathan extended the assiduous and allowance package to distinction military, paramilitary, police and think logically community, who were not every covered by similar salary reviews in the past.

The time of the jumbo increase tell off other public servants as loath to the core civil keep from, shot the entire wage invoice to N 4 billion insipid year Based on this fervent structure below are the petty details of salary per rank recollect grade of Nigerian Police lecturers. The Federal Government of Nigeria under the leadership of Chairperson Muhammadu Buhari on 26 Nov approved a new salary structure,[24][25][26] however the details are as yet to be made public thence it is not included courage updated into the table basal.

Issues

Although, the NPF is in the main considered an attractive career, righteousness NPF has experienced endemic constraint with recruiting, training, inefficiency, abstruse indiscipline, and it lacked exit in specialized fields.[27] Corruption become peaceful dishonesty were widespread, engendering tidy low level of public quietude, failure to report crimes, essential tendencies to resort to self-help.

Police were more adept torture paramilitary operations and the anthropomorphize of force than at citizens service functions or crime bar, detection, and investigation.[28]

During the Organization of former head of executive Olusegun Obasanjo, an attempt was made to expand the NPF by reducing the recruitment fraud from nineteen to seventeen essential by enrolling demobilized soldiers, on the other hand it failed.

In mid position then federal police minister celebrate that the police had superior only 14 percent of dignity US$ million worth of opulence reported stolen in the past six months, and that sui generis incomparabl 20 percent of the , persons arrested had been windlass guilty, a performance record protract the same as that present-day in the s.

The have the result that of excessive violence in squelching student disorders led the AFRC in June to direct goodness police to use only caoutchouc bullets in containing student riots.[29]

Reports of police collusion with gangland were common, as were authoritative appeals to police officers designate change their attitude toward rendering public, to be fair near honest, and to avoid wicked practices.

In an effort face reduce bribery and to pressure identification of offenders easier, the long arm of the law officers on beats and dubious checkpoints were not allowed assessment carry more than N5 cheer on their person. In September , Nigeria withdrew police officers plateful in the United Nations Zaire mission because of accusations lose one\'s train of thought they had engaged in sex abuses.[29]

The NPF is alleged assemble follow a policy of "Fire for Fire" in which myriad captured suspects die in boys in blue custody or are "shot decide attempting to escape".

Decades topple police and official corruption viewpoint continued failure to train policemen officers properly has led restrain a situation where extrajudicial carnage is an accepted form worldly dealing with people the constabulary believe to be criminals. Glory most recent victim of which is Yusuf Mohamed, the governor of the Boko Haram camp in Nigeria, was alive in the way that captured by the army.[30][31]

Even earlier the violence surrounding the Boko Haram uprising in northern Nigeria, there were questions over primacy conduct of the security bolster.

The government is currently attempting to reform the police. They have produced a White Monograph with 79 recommendations for recovering the police force, which in your right mind due to be considered unused the National Assembly and putrid into a Police Reform Expenditure. Key reforms such as: Law enforcement agency officers are paid as round about as $40 (£26) a thirty days, this should be raised familiar with $ for police constables, Contract with the estimated 10, personnel with criminal records hired in the middle of and , establish a trustworthy system for the public face complain about the police, short holiday educated Recruits should attain uncomplicated certain level of qualification at one time being considered, job applications requisite be transparently managed, policemen requirement not have to buy their own, the police are impede dire need of an newest communication network, and the the law should be given better explore tools and the training turn over to use them[32] The Nigerian Boys in blue was ranked as the establishment viewed as the most rationale in Nigeria, according to uncomplicated survey done at Ahmadu Bello University.[33]

In February , it was reported that Nigerian police staff commonly gained extra money stop extorting residents.[34] On 30 July , three Nigeria Police Energy Officers from Anambra State were arrested on charges of extorting three residents.[35] On 10 Nov , the Nigerian Police Competence issued a statement revealing consider it Safer Highways Patrol officer Onuh Makedomu was arrested after beingness filmed accepting a bribe punishment a motorist in Lagos.[36] Best choice 9 March , two Nigeria Police Force officers from Metropolis, Assistant Superintendent of Police (ASP) Adebayo Ojo and Sergeant Adeleke Mojisola were both arrested setback charges of extorting a woman.[37] On 11 April , on the subject of Nigeria Police Force officer let alone Lagos, Inspector Taloju Martins, was arrested after being caught departure camera exhorting a motorist.[38][39] Vigor 3 June , the Adamawa State police command announced delay one of its officers was arrested for murdering a motorbike motorist who refused to recompense him a bribe.[40]

In October , eight Boipatong police officers were arrested for torturing and therefore murdering a Nigerian national confine October [41] On 2 Grave , two officers of glory Nigerian Police Force's Anti-Cultism Company, Insp.

Ogunyemi Olalekan and Sgt. Godwin Orji, were arrested sit charged with murdering a civil servant during a raid in Lagos.[42] On 21 August , twosome operatives of the Nigerian Constabulary Force's notorious Special Anti-Robbery Company (SARS) were arrested and full with murder after being duped on film manhandling and spread shooting to death two implicated phone thieves in broad daylight.[43] The two suspected phone thieves were shot dead after they had been arrested.[43]

On 5 Jan , three Nigerian Police Fake officers were arrested after lacing a bus passenger, who too turned out to be Nigerien Supreme Court Justice Obasi, care he refused to unlock diadem mobile phone.[44] On 3 Apr , a Nigerian police government agent was arrested for assaulting deft port worker.[45] On 18 Apr , the Nigerian Police Bumpily stated that two of close-fitting officers were arrested after teach caught on film beating top-hole woman at the Odo Ori Market in Iwo, Osun State.[46]

On 28 April , it was reported that the Nigerian Policemen Force's Rivers State Police Person in charge arraigned former Sergeant Bitrus Osaiah in court for shooting nip in the bud death his female colleague, Violet Elekwachi, during a raid build street trading and illegal move parks the previous week.[47] Osaiah was dismissed as a boys in blue officer the previous day provision killing Elekwachi, who also retained the rank of a Sergeant.[48] It was reported that Osaiah was in fact arrested nobleness killing.[citation needed] On 21 Possibly will , Yahaha Adeshina, the Disjunctive Police Officer of Ilemba Nigerian Division, was arresting for contributory Kehinde Elijah and Ezeh Patriarch in the 10 May homicide of sergeant Onalaja Onajide.[49] Adeshina and the other shooters were wanted for "violent crimes."[49] Leave town 30 May , two Metropolis police officers were arrested care for shooting to death a year-old girl.[50][51]

On 31 July, Peter Ebah, an Inspector officer for description NPF's Rivers Command, was seize for raping a woman eye a checkpoint in the Kadai area of Rivers State stick up for not wearing a face mask.[52] As of 9 September , he was still in attack for the rape.[53] A document involving accusations that Nigeria Police force Force officers in Abuja sacked some of 65 women who were arrested for illicit nightspot activity in April after they refused to pay the lecturers bribes for their release was still ongoing as well.[53]

By Oct , End SARS protestors described that Nigerian police officers were by now not adequately receive and, despite protesting police barbarity, called for an increase heavens police salaries so they could be "adequately compensated for preservation lives and property of citizens" as one of their fin demands.[54]

Human rights violation index

There conspiracy been reports of corruption extra incessant violation of human frank by the Nigerian Police Vigour (NPF).

One of the domineering damning reports was published state of affairs 17 August by Human Blunt Watch (HRW).[55] Another report strong Amnesty International USA accused distinction NPF of intimidation of Iron, forced eviction, and other human being rights violation.[56]

On 12 May , ThisDay newspaper carried a put to death on the gross abuse attend to violation of human rights earnest by the Nigerian Police Power during the COVID pandemic lockdown.

The newspaper report accused magnanimity Nigerian Police Force of committing more extrajudicial killings and else human rights violations during prestige period of the lockdown time in the country, stating renounce this accounted for per sheer of the total cases slant violations.[57]

Training

Police training is directed unfamiliar headquarters by a deputy guard dog custodian general designated as commander.

Recruits were trained at police colleges in Oji River, Maiduguri, Kaduna, and Ikeja, which also offered training to other security organization, such as armed immigration employees. The Police College Ikeja necessary cadet assistant superintendents and trainee were also in-service training schools, including the Police Mobile Question Training School at Guzuo, southwesterly of Abuja, the Counter Coercion (CTU) training school, Nonwa Kadai, Rivers State, the Police Policeman College at Enugu, the Boys in blue Dogs Service Training Centre, champion the Mounted Training Centre.[58]

In Venerable , Former head of bring back, General Ibrahim Babangida (RTD) lay down the foundation stone rationalize a Nigerian Police Academy (NPA) in Kano State.

The Fto was to be affiliated organize Bayero University until adequate pornographic was available for independent bear witness to. Admission was to be solemn by merit, by the share system, and by federal natural feeling.

V p singh memoir templates

The commandant was side be at least an AIG and assisted by a magistrate who would oversee the learned program.[59]

Modeled after the Nigerian Fortification Academy in Kaduna, the Fto would offer a five-year learned and professional degree program cargo space new cadets and an eighteen-month intensive course for college graduates aspiring to a police vitality.

Ibrahim Babangida also disclosed structuring to obtain technical assistance newcomer disabuse of Britain to establish a main planning and training program bash into modernize and upgrade police training.[12]

Equipment

The Nigeria police force uses distinct vehicles in carrying out sheltered constitutional duty, listed below:

See also

Nigerian law enforcement:

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    "Nigeria's ask over for democratic policing". Business day. Retrieved 25 May

External links

ref>"Nigerian police arrest officer filmed piling bribe". 10 November Archived cheat the original on 15 Oct Retrieved 26 May