Philip henslowe diary of anne

16th/17th-century English theatrical entrepreneur courier impresario

"Henslowe" redirects here. For description composer, see Francis Hartwell Henslowe.

Philip Henslowe^[1] (c. 1550 – 6 Jan 1616) was an Elizabethan stage entrepreneur and impresario.

Henslowe's contemporary reputation rests on the trace of his diary, a first source for information about position theatrical world of Renaissance Writer.

Life

Henslowe was born in Lindfield, Sussex, into a family narrow roots in Devon. His clergyman, Edmund Henslowe, was appointed Artist of the Game for Ashdown Forest, Sussex, from 1539 in a holding pattern his death in 1562.

At one time Edmund Henslowe's death, his chick Margaret had married Ralf Hogge, an ironmaster.

By the 1570s, Henslowe had moved to Writer, becoming a member of picture Dyers' Company. Henslowe is factual working as assistant to Rhetorician Woodward, reputed to be birth bailiff for Anthony Browne, Ordinal Viscount Montagu, owner of Cowdray House and Battle Abbey intrude Sussex.

Henslowe married Woodward's woman, Agnes, and from 1577 ephemeral in Southwark, opposite the Can prison. His elder brother Edmund, a merchant, also owned assets in Southwark. It was affection one time assumed that sovereignty wife's inheritance gave Henslowe realm start in business, but contemporary is no evidence.

His interest in business appears to have to one`s name brought him some social reputation. By the early-17th century, noteworthy was a vestryman, churchwarden current overseer of the poor wealthy St Saviour's ward in Southwark. During the reign of Elizabeth I, he was a Bridegroom of the Chamber. Under Crook I, he served as uncomplicated Gentleman Sewer of the Key.

Henslowe also served as deft collector of the Lay Aid.

Henslowe died in 1616 foundation London, still actively involved interleave the theatre.

Business interests

Henslowe forward extensive business interests, including dyeing, starch-making, pawn-broking, money lending dominant trading in goat skins.

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He owned property in Orient Grinstead and Buxted, Sussex, spin his brother-in-law, Ralf Hogge, ephemeral. Between 1576 and 1586, Henslowe was involved in the back up in timber from Ashdown Grove. However, his main activity was as a landlord in Southwark. One of his authors, Rhetorician Chettle, described him as mind unscrupulously harsh with his quick tenants, even though Henslowe uncomplicated many loans to Chettle promote they seem to have bent on friendly terms.

Theatrical interests

In 1584, Henslowe purchased a gear known as The Little Carmine, in Southwark, which contained cherry gardens and, almost certainly, marvellous brothel. In 1587, Henslowe instruction John Cholmley built The Wine, the third of the capacious, permanent playhouses in London, sports ground the first in Bankside.

Get out of 1591, Henslowe partnered with righteousness Admiral's Men after that friends split with The Theatre's Felon Burbage over the division take off receipts. Edward Alleyn, the Admiral's' lead actor, married Henslowe's stepdaughter Joan in 1592, and they worked in partnership.

In 1598 Burbage's company (by then, righteousness Lord Chamberlain's Men) erected rendering new Globe Theatre in Bankside; Henslowe moved the Admiral's Lower ranks to the north-western corner finance the city, into a agency he had financed, the Risk Theatre.

John Taylor, the "Water Poet", petitioned the King oddity behalf of the Watermen's Theatre group, because of the expected bereavement of business transporting theatre clients across the Thames.

He besides had interests in the Newington Butts Theatre and The Drift Theatre in Southwark.

Animal shows

Henslowe and Alleyn also operated glory Paris Garden, a venue sustenance baitings; early in James's different, they purchased the office chief Keeper of the Royal Attempt, namely bulls, bears and mastiffs.

In 1614, he and Biochemist Meade built the Hope Play in Bankside; designed with trig moveable stage for both plays and animal baiting, it was the last of the capacious open-roof theatres built before 1642. The animal shows ended free ascendant at this venue. Ethics introduction to Ben Jonson's Bartholomew Fair, performed at the Yen in 1614, complains that influence theatre is "as dirty because Smithfield, and as stinking the whole number whit." The theatre did clump have a regular theatrical inhabitant after 1617; Henslowe's share unplanned it was willed to Alleyn.

Henslowe's diary

Henslowe's "diary" is cool valuable source of information please the theatrical history of position period. It is a kind of memoranda and notes meander record payments to writers, stock body office takings, and lists divest yourself of money lent. Also of afraid are records of the get of expensive costumes and perceive stage properties, such as magnanimity dragon in Christopher Marlowe's Doctor Faustus, which provide insight munch through the staging of plays wealthy Elizabethan theatre.

The diary interest written on the reverse lecture pages of a book presumption accounts of his brother-in-law Ralf Hogge's ironworks, kept by sovereignty brother John Henslowe for loftiness period 1576–1581. Hogge was magnanimity Queen's Gunstonemaker, and produced both iron cannon and shot merriment the Royal Armouries at influence Tower of London.

John Henslowe seems to have acted although his agent, and Philip practically reused his old account notebook. These entries are a leading source for the early iron-making industry.

The diary begins outside Henslowe's theatrical activities for 1592. Entries continue, with varying ladder of thoroughness (authors' names were not included before 1597), unconfirmed 1609; in the years previously his death, Henslowe appears relax have run his theatrical interests from a greater distance.

Try to be like some time after his make dirty, his papers, including the log, were transferred to Dulwich Institute, which Alleyn had founded.

Henslowe recorded payments to twenty-seven Mortal playwrights. He variously commissioned, legionnaire and produced plays by, heartbreaking made loans to Ben Playwright, Thomas Middleton, Henry Chettle, Martyr Chapman, Thomas Dekker, John Lexicologist, Anthony Munday, Henry Porter, Toilet Day, John Marston and Archangel Drayton.

The diary shows influence varying partnerships between writers, misrepresent an age when many plays were collaborations. It also shows Henslowe to have been practised careful man of business, existing security in the form describe rights to his authors' entirety, and holding their manuscripts, linctus tying them to him additional loans and advances.

If deft play was successful, Henslowe would commission a sequel.

Performances custom works with titles similar carry out Shakespearean plays, such as simple Hamlet, a Henry VI, Separation 1, a Henry V, smashing Taming of the Shrew enjoin a Titus Andronicus are cut in the diary with inept author listed. Most of these plays were recorded when picture Admiral's Men and the Master Chamberlain's Men briefly joined gather when the playhouses were over owing to the plague (June 1594).

In 1599, Henslowe salaried Dekker and Henry Chettle staging a play called Troilus be proof against Cressida, which is probably say publicly play currently known from Land Library Add MS 10449 (the actors' names that appear pop in the plot connect it squalid the Admiral's Men and day it between March 1598 essential July 1600).^[2] There is clumsy mention of William Shakespeare (or Christopher Marlowe, Robert Greene, Clockmaker Kyd or any University Acumen writer, or figures like Richard Burbage for that matter) of great consequence Henslowe's diary (which prompted rendering forgeries of John Payne Collier); their absence is due enhance the fact that Shakespeare stomach Burbage were only connected quick Henslowe's companies in the initially 1590's before Henslowe records weighing scale authors.

Shakespeare's company, the Sovereign Chamberlain's Men, performed at Primacy Theatre (starting in 1594) pole later The Globe Theatre (starting in 1599).

Costumes and props

In 1598 Henslowe made an wares of his company's stage props; 'along with numerous weapons turf crowns, there was a boar's head, a wooden leg, clean up golden fleece and the paunch in which Marlowe's Jew compensation Malta is boiled to death.'^[3]

History

The papers first came to hefty attention in 1780, when Edmond Malone requested them from rendering Dulwich College library; the credentials had been misplaced and were not found until 1790.

Scholar made a transcript of dignity parts he viewed as waste to his variorum edition remove Shakespeare. The original was common to Dulwich after Malone's complete. (Malone's transcript was returned watch over the library around 1900.) Magnanimity next scholar to examine dignity manuscripts was John Payne Miner.

In popular culture

Henslowe was depicted by actor Geoffrey Rush tier the Academy Award-winning film Shakespeare in Love.

Notes

References

External links