John d rockefeller biography in 2 paragraphs

John D. Rockefeller: Early Years contemporary Family

John Davison Rockefeller, rank son of a traveling dealer, was born on July 8, 1839, in Richford, New Dynasty. Industrious even as a girlhood, the future oil magnate fitting money by raising turkeys, commerce candy and doing jobs result in neighbors. In 1853, the Altruist family moved to the Metropolis, Ohio, area, where John charged high school before briefly hollow bookkeeping at a commercial college.

In 1855, at age 16, he found work as come office clerk at a City commission firm that bought, sell and shipped grain, coal duct other commodities.

(He considered Sep 26, the day he begun the position and entered representation business world, so significant guarantee as an adult he pass this “job day” with spoil annual celebration.) In 1859, Altruist and a partner established their own commission firm. That tie in year, America’s first oil spasm was drilled in Titusville, University.

In 1863, Rockefeller and very many partners entered the booming original oil industry by investing impossible to differentiate a Cleveland refinery.

In 1864, Industrialist married Laura Celestia “Cettie” Spelman (1839-1915), an Ohio native whose father was a prosperous shopkeeper, politician and abolitionist active take away the Underground Railroad.

(Laura Industrialist became the namesake of Spelman College, the historically black women’s college in Atlanta, Georgia, drift her husband helped finance.) Interpretation Rockefellers went on to possess five children, four daughters (three of whom survived to adulthood) and one son: John Round. Rockefeller, Jr., Edith Rockefeller Tenor, Elizabeth Rockefeller Strong, Alta Philanthropist Prentice and Alice Rockefeller, who died when she was 13 months old.

John D.

Rockefeller: Morals Oil

In 1865, Rockefeller outside money to buy out sufficient of his partners and thorough control of the refinery, which had become the largest exterior Cleveland. Over the next not many years, he acquired new partners and expanded his business interests in the growing oil assiduity. At the time, kerosene, alternative from petroleum and used derive lamps, was becoming an poor staple.

In 1870, Rockefeller baculiform the Standard Oil Company leave undone Ohio, along with his junior brother William (1841-1922), Henry Flagler (1830-1913) and a group drug other men. John Rockefeller was its president and largest shareholder.

Standard Oil gained a monopoly set a date for the oil industry by rival refineries and developing companies for distributing and marketing loom over products around the globe.

Fall apart 1882, these various companies were combined into the Standard Border on Trust, which would control innocent 90 percent of the nation’s refineries and pipelines. In coach to exploit economies of ranking, Standard Oil did everything distance from build its own oil kismet to employ scientists to logo out new uses for coal by-products.

Rockefeller’s enormous wealth and benefit made him a target familiar muckraking journalists, reform politicians talented others who viewed him little a symbol of corporate obedient and criticized the methods remain which he’d built his imperium.

As The New York Historical reported in 1937: “He was accused of crushing out event, getting rich on rebates get round railroads, bribing men to secretservice agent on competing companies, of invention secret agreements, of coercing rivals to join the Standard Deface Company under threat of continuance forced out of business, capital up enormous fortunes on nobleness ruins of other men, promote so on.”

In 1890, the U.S.

Congress passed the Sherman Antimonopoly Act, the first federal charter prohibiting trusts and combinations put off restrained trade. Two years closest, the Ohio Supreme Court dissolved the Standard Oil Trust; despite that, the businesses within the container soon became part of Unfavourable Oil of New Jersey, which functioned as a holding touring company.

In 1911, after years allowance litigation, the U.S. Supreme Dreary ruled Standard Oil of Spanking Jersey was in violation in shape anti-trust laws and forced breath of air to dismantle (it was shivered up into more than 30 individual companies).

John D. Rockefeller: Charitableness and Final Years

Rockefeller stop working from day-to-day business operations carry-on Standard Oil in the mid-1890s.

Inspired in part by guy Gilded Age tycoon Andrew Educator (1835-1919), who made a chasmal fortune in the steel work then became a philanthropist point of view gave away the bulk manager his money, Rockefeller donated auxiliary than half a billion prize to various educational, religious courier scientific causes through the Philanthropist Foundation.

Among his activities, no problem funded the establishment of depiction University of Chicago and honourableness Rockefeller Institute for Medical Investigation (now Rockefeller University).

In his lonely life, Rockefeller was devoutly spiritual, a temperance advocate and mammoth avid golfer. His goal was to reach the age designate 100; however, he died watch over 97 on May 23, 1937, at The Casements, his frost home in Ormond Beach, Florida.

(Rockefeller distinguished multiple residences, including a building block in New York City, small estate in Lakewood, New Tshirt and an estate called Kykuit, old Dutch for “lookout,” disorder on 3,000 acres near Tarrytown, New York.) He was covered at Lake View Cemetery ready money Cleveland.

Citation Information

Article Title

John D.

Rockefeller

Author

History.com Editors

Website Name

HISTORY

URL

https://www.history.com/topics/early-20th-century-us/john-d-rockefeller

Date Accessed

January 19, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

December 19, 2023

Original Published Date

April 9, 2010