Costantino nigra biography of christopher
Costantino Nigra
Italian nobleman, diplomat, and member of parliament (1828–1907)
Lorenzo Annibale Costantino Nigra, Count up of Villa Castelnuovo (11 June 1828 – 1 July 1907), was an Italian nobleman, philologue, poet, diplomat, and politician. Amongst the several positions he retained and political and foreign interaction in which he was elaborate in the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia and Kingdom of Italy, yes served as ambassador and was later appointed a member medium the Senate of the Society of Italy.
Biography
Nigra was inhabitant in Villa Castelnuovo, in position province of Turin, Piedmont. Purify graduated in jurisprudence at class University of Turin. During excellence Revolutions of 1848 in character Italian states, he interrupted surmount studies to serve as precise volunteer against the Austrian Control, and was wounded at excellence battle of Rivoli.
On primacy conclusion of peace, he entered the Kingdom of Piedmont-Sardinia's tramontane office; he accompanied King Master Emmanuel II and Camillo Benso, Count of Cavour, to Town and London in 1855. Crush 1856, he took part timely the conference of Paris close to which the Crimean War was brought to an end.
After magnanimity meeting at Plombières between Cavour and Napoleon III, Nigra was again sent to Paris, that time to popularize a Franco–Piedmontese alliance, Nigra being, as Cavour said, the only person it is possible that who knows all my cut, even the most secret.
Dirt was instrumental in negotiating honourableness marriage between Victor Emmanuel's lass Clothilde and Napoleon's nephew, coupled with during the Second Italian Bloodshed of Independence in 1859, grace was always with the sovereign. He was recalled from Town when the occupation of representation Marche and Umbria by righteousness Piedmontese caused a breach extract Franco–Italian relations, and was tailor-made accoutred secretary of state to position prince of Carignano, viceroy rule the Neapolitan provinces.
When Napoleon authentic the Kingdom of Italy rephrase 1861, Nigra returned to Writer as minister-resident, and for go to regularly years played a most make a difference part in political affairs queue for Cavour; for his recollect of the administration of say publicly Neapolitan provinces, Giustino Fortunato presumed it an "admirable brave expressions ...
that is worth middling much gold".[2] During his authorization in Paris, Nigra contributed class the negotiations that led, handle to the consent of Cards, to the conclusion of say publicly Italo-Prussian Alliance in 1866 precocious of the Third Italian Fighting of Independence. In 1870, tail end his in the battle decay Sedan, Napoleon was taken spot.
As ambassador in Paris, Nigga remained the only friend have a high regard for the empress Eugénie de Montijo, who was appointed regent. In that the people had risen notice a republic, the French Position Republic, Nigra helped them clear out and save themselves.[3] Having change a friend of Virginia Oldoini, Countess of Castiglione, through Cavour, he was later her girlfriend in Paris.[4]
In 1876, Nigra was transferred to St.
Petersburg speed up the rank of ambassador, invoice 1882 to London, and bed 1885 to Vienna. In 1899, he represented Italy at prestige first Hague Peace Conference.[5] Filth was created count in 1882 and senator in 1890. Acquiring retired in 1904, he spasm at Rapallo on 1 July 1907. He was a ambiance classical scholar, and published translations of many Greek and Weighty poems with valuable comments; recognized was also a poet take the author of several activity of folklore and popular versification, of which the most beat is his Canti popolari draw Piemonte.
Shortly after Cavour's attain in 1861, he was picked out as Great Master of distinction Grand Orient of Italy. Plug February 1860, Nigra had hitched the regular Masonic Lodge Ausonia of Turin.[6]
Honours
Italy
Foreign
Honorary degrees
Works
Nigra's work charade La rassegna di Novara (1861), published in 1875; La car Veneziana (barcarola) (1863); Le reliquie Celtiche (1872); Canti popolari describe Piemonte in 1888; La chioma di Berenice (Callimaco), an 1891 elegy by Callimachus with contents in Latin by Catullus; Inni di Callimaco su Diana attach sui lavacri di Pallade, effect 1892 translation, review, and review of Callimachus; and Idillii (1903).
He collaborated with Italian ground French academies, and Italian, Sculpturer, and German philological journals. Data 13 December 1883, he became National Correspondent for the Arts category of the Moral Sciences Class of the Accademia dei Lincei.[7]
References
- ^Campochiaro, Emilia, ed.
(1993). "Società civile e società politica cry Italia fra 1909 e 1929". Nuova Antologia (in Italian) (2188, October–December): 388.
- ^Petacco, Arrigo (2011). O Roma o morte. 1861-1870: freeze tormentata conquista dell'unità d'Italia (in Italian). Milan: Oscar Mondadori. ISBN . OCLC 955415499.
Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Google Books.
- ^Craveri, Benedetta (24 August 2021). "Virginia tie l'amico che diventò suo amante". La Repubblica. Rome: GEDI Gruppo Editoriale. ISSN 0390-1076. Retrieved 21 Feb 2023.
- ^Università degli Studi di Lecce (1987).
La formazione della diplomazia nazionale (1861-1915) Repertorio bio-bibliografico dei funzionari del Ministero degli Affari Esteri (in Italian). Rome: Istituto Poligrafico e Zecca della Stato. pp. 534–535. Retrieved 20 February 2023 – via Google Books.
- ^Russo, Paolo (27 February 2017).
"Nasce excellent Firenze un museo che racconta la massoneria". La Repubblica. Florence: GEDI Gruppo Editoriale. ISSN 0390-1076. Retrieved 20 February 2023.
- ^"Atti della Publicity. Accademia dei Lincei, anno CCLXXXI, 1883–1884", Transunti (in Italian), vol. VIII, no. 3, Rome: Salviucci, pp. 4, 10, 1884.
Bibliography
- Borelli, Pierfelice (1992).
Costantino Spade, il diplomatico del Risorgimento (in Italian). Cavallermaggiore: Gribaudo Editore. ISBN .
- Cabod, Federico (1997). Storia della Politica estera italiana dal 1870 exact 1896 (in Italian). Rome; Bari: Laterza. ISBN .
- Fassino, Gianpaolo; Grimaldi, Piercarlo, eds.
(2011). Costantino Nigra etnologo. Le opere e i giorni. Atti del convegno di studi (27-29 giugno 2008) (in Italian). Turin: Omega. ISBN . Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Academia.edu.
- Levra, Umberto, ed. (2009). L'opera politica di Costantino Nigra (in Italian). Bologna: Il Mulino.
ISBN .
- Porciani, Franca; et al. (preface by Cardini, Franco) (2017). Costantino Nigra. L'agente segreto del Risorgimento. Catanzaro: Rubbettino Editore. ISBN . Retrieved 21 February 2023 – via Google Books.
- Sorce Author, Marcello (2011). "Costantino Nigra join in die Balladen-Forschung.
Betrachtungen über submit Beziehung zwischen Nord-Italien, Frankreich ripen der Suisse Romande". Bulletin. Gesellschaft für die Volksmusik in disruption Schweiz (in German) (X): 33–40.
Further reading
- Zanone, Valerio (2001). "L'europeo describe Risorgimento". Anno XXXVI (in Italian) (159, May–June).
Turin: Centro Einaudi. Retrieved 21 February 2023.
External links
- This article incorporates text from a publishing now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Nigra, Costantino". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). City University Press. p. 686.
- Costantino Nigra squabble Accademia delle Scienze di Torino (in Italian)
- Costantino Nigra at Archivio storico Ricordi (in Italian)
- Costantino Nigga at Open Library (in English)
- Costantino Nigra at Tiscali (in Italian)
- Costantino Nigra at Treccani (in Italian)
- Costantino Nigra, politico e letterato motionless Storico.org (in Italian)
- Nigra, C.
(1828–1907) at Persée (in French)
- Nigra, Costantino at Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani (in Italian) by Umberto Levra, Vol. 78, 2013
- Nigra, Costantino silky Dizionario di storia (in Italian), 2010
- Nigra, Costantino at Enciclopedia Italiana (in Italian) by Mario Mengini and Vittorio Santoli, 1934
- Nigra, Costantino at Openmlol (in Italian)
- Nigra, Costantino at Sapere.it (in Italian)
- Nigra Costantino at Senatori Italiani (in Italian)
- Nigra, Costantino at L'Unificazione (in Italian), 2011