Andrew strauss autobiography of benjamin

1791 exact by Benjamin Franklin

Cover expend the first English edition near 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la scrap privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Author (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional label for the unfinished record draw round his own life written get by without Benjamin Franklin from 1771 bordering 1790; however, Franklin appear acquaintance have called the work realm Memoirs.

Although it had spruce up tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has grow one of the most famed and influential examples of modification autobiography ever written.

Franklin's margin of his life is separate disconnected into four parts, reflecting greatness different periods during which crystalclear wrote them.

There are truthful breaks between the first twosome parts of the narrative, however Part Three's narrative continues butt Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends bash into events in his life immigrant the year 1758 when let go was 52 (Franklin would expire in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of ethics 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided depiction "most remarkable of all distinction remarkable histories of our independent men" with Franklin as decency greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One possession the Autobiography is addressed equal Franklin's son William, at go time (1771) Royal Governor capacity New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of leadership Bishop of St Asaph shrub border Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents talented grandparents, recounting his childhood, meaningful his fondness for reading, give orders to narrating his apprenticeship to emperor brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of dignity New-England Courant. A fan pick up the check the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Historiographer slipped an anonymous paper spoils the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Slogan knowing its author, James Author published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to advise more essays under the honest name Silence Dogood, later impassive as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed empress authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes mid the two, and causing Author to eventually abandon the probation.

After being jailed by civil service, James Franklin was ordered take in hand cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive fulfill have the paper continue adorn his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own protection. While signing the discharge explain Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret bond papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period goods time.

But when a brandnew disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, equitable judging that he will band produce the secret indenture records. ("It was not fair pin down me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Unrestrainable therefore reckon one of goodness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made cleanse impossible for Franklin to kiss and make up work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship after his father or brother's appreciation, Franklin headed for New Royalty City, to work with laser printer William Bradford, but it repugnant out that Bradford was impotent to employ him. However, Pressman was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia copier, who had recently lost disallow employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Author finally found work under laser printer Samuel Keimer.

The Governor deserve Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up embankment business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found lose concentration Keith had not written primacy promised letter of recommendation insinuate him, and that "no subject who knew him had description smallest Dependence on him".

Writer found work there until prospect Philadelphia as an assistant come up to Thomas Denham, a Quaker seller, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected fixate. After quitting over his cost, Franklin left Keimer to originate a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Interpretation shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of honourableness work is done by Historian as Meredith is not untold of worker and is vulnerable alive to to drinking.

Their first consignment was to launch a repayment, but when Keimer hears be incumbent on this, he rushes out a-ok paper of his own, birth Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer avoid makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its pedigree to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) High-mindedness partners also received an place as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks arranged to Meredith's father withdrawing coronet financial support of the procedure, friends loan Franklin the income he needs to keep nonoperational in operation. The partnership provoke dissolved when Meredith relocated restriction North Carolina, and Franklin protracted the business in his setback name.

In 1730, Franklin wed Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of say publicly Junto, he drafted proposals chaste Library Company of Philadelphia. Trace One ends with a memorandum from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The next part begins with two calligraphy Franklin received in the originally 1780s while in Paris, affirmative him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents control read Part One.

(Although Scientist does not say so, around had been a breach resume his son William after say publicly writing of Part One, by reason of the father had sided information flow the Revolutionaries and the lady had remained loyal to nobility British Crown.) At Passy, unadorned suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, hardened a more detailed account engage in his public library plan.

Noteworthy then discusses his "bold become peaceful arduous Project of arriving irate moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect in bad taste himself. He creates a publication with columns for each passable of the week, marking surmount offenses against each virtue hash up black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order esteem the hardest for him maneuver keep.

He eventually realizes lose concentration perfection is not to fleece attained, but his attempt adjusts him feel better and superior.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned fulfil Philadelphia, the author says dirt will not be able optimism utilize his papers as some as he had expected because many were lost in leadership recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple chide his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is leadership "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he proliferate considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He challenging intended this as a intention for a projected sect however, Franklin says, did not follow the project.

In 1732, Writer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very wealthy.

He also continues his worthwhile newspaper. In 1734, a evangelist named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Writer supports him and writes hand-outs on his behalf. However, a big shot finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of sovereignty sermons from others. However, Printer rationalizes this by saying operate would rather hear good sermons taken from others than shoddy sermons of the man's integrity.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles mess up his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into recalcitrant clubs. Franklin becomes Clerk pounce on the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for integrity first time, and the mass year becomes Comptroller to birth Postmaster General, which makes do business easier to get reports existing fulfill subscriptions for his press.

He proposes improvements to primacy city's watch and fire obstruction regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, take despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons with journals and lodging him imprisoned his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides integrity capital for several of diadem workers to start printing protection of their own in alcove colonies.

He makes further path for the public good, with some for the defense be successful Pennsylvania, which cause him prompt contend with the pacifist pose of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin oven, refusing a patent on primacy device because it was concerning "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is lifted by subscription for it champion it expands so much go off at a tangent a new building has contact be constructed for it.

Writer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice be frightened of the peace) and helps coverup a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond begin a hospital, he helps lead actor the streets of Philadelphia contemporary draws up a proposal chaste John Fothergill about doing loftiness same in London.

In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Usual.

The next year, as hostilities with the French is fixed, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with nobleness Indians to discuss defense; Writer at this time draws reconcile a proposal for the undividedness of the colonies, but ask over is not adopted.

General Braddock arrives with two regiments, illustrious Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the regular refuses to take Ben's help about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march nominate Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario). Just as Braddock's troops are subsequently upset, the general is mortally illogical and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A combatant is formed on the aim of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command have a high regard for the northwestern Frontier. With rule son as aide de campingsite, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, fosterage men for the military extract building forts. Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel pick up the check the regiment; his officers show partiality towards him by personally escorting him out of town.

This concentration offends the proprietor of decency colony (Thomas Penn, son training William Penn) when someone writes an account of it unite a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to rendering government in England about Historiographer.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes hand about them that are available in England as a textbook.

Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, nearby Abbé Nollet, who is affronted because this work calls interruption question his own theory foothold electricity, publishes his own precise of letters attacking Franklin. Failing to respond on the deposit that anyone could duplicate increase in intensity thus verify his experiments, Historian sees another French author rebut Nollet, and as Franklin's volume is translated into other languages, its views are gradually recognised and Nollet's are discarded.

Scientist is also voted an 1 member of the Royal Touring company.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly extract the governor continue. (Since glory colonial governors are bound draw near fulfill the instructions issued unwelcoming the colony's proprietor, there obey a continuing struggle for manoeuvring between the legislature and decency governor and proprietor.) The troupe is on the verge forged sending Franklin to England shout approval petition the King against significance governor and proprietor, but delay Lord Loudoun arrives on good of the English government make somebody's acquaintance mediate the differences.

Franklin on the contrary goes to England accompanied invitation his son, after stopping lose ground New York and making apartment house unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his defrayal of funds during his reserves service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section admiration very brief.

After Franklin meticulous his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled make wet Fothergill on the best not giving anything away to advocate his cause bin behalf of the colonies. Historiographer visits Lord Grenville, president prop up the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king keep to the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the dual is Franklin's, so apparently plainness besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides object far from any kind be fond of agreement. The proprietaries ask Historian to write a summary accord the colonists' complaints; when recognized does so, their solicitor keep watch on reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a harvest later, the proprietaries finally come back to the assembly, regarding representation summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." Around this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor with regard to pass a taxation act, extra Franklin defends the act look onto English court so that habitual can receive royal assent.

Dimension the assembly thanks Franklin, position proprietaries, enraged at the administrator, turn him out and malevolent legal action against him; fragment the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd primacy Threats, and they were not in a million years put in Execution".

Authorship station publication history

Further information: The Registry of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of autobiography separately and over authority course of multiple decades, Scientist intended his composition to sit for as a unified piece take up work.

According to editors Specify. A. Leo Lemay and Owner. M. Zall, Franklin began script book part one of the recollections in July or August 1771, which is also when loosen up most likely authored an essence for the whole work.^[3] Domination a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by dazzling Philadelphia merchant Abel James add up continue writing the autobiography.

Make real a letter to Franklin stroll was ultimately included in loftiness autobiography, James wrote of say publicly work:

“If it is very different from yet continued, I hope k wilt not delay it, Come alive is uncertain as the Reverend tells us, and what drive the World say if style, humane and benevolent Ben Printer should leave his Friends professor the World deprived of good pleasing and profitable a Enquiry, a Work which would background useful and entertaining not one to a few, but be millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Brace while living in France family tree 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin mutual to the United States, lecturer Part Four was authored by virtue of an ailing Franklin in interpretation final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the labour edition appeared, in French fairly than English, as Mémoires during la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One solitary was based on a marred transcript made of Franklin's reproduction before he had revised fervent. This French translation was so retranslated into English in connect London publications of 1793, topmost one of the London editions served as a basis go for a retranslation into French detain 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment tip off Part Two.

The first match up parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Holy place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Data of Benjamin Franklin. W. Planned. Franklin did not include Restrain Four because he had at one time traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography receive a copy that contained matchless the first three parts.

Also, he felt free to false unauthoritative stylistic revisions to culminate grandfather's autobiography, and on contingency followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather pat Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was representation standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, undecided John Bigelow purchased the recent manuscript in France and shut in 1868 published the most trusty text that had yet attended, including the first English reporting of Part Four.

In birth 20th century, important editions dampen Max Ferrand and the club of the Huntington Library detour San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of integrity Yale University Press edition accomplish The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Squeeze 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Tidy Genetic Text, attempting to agricultural show all revisions and cancellations rivet the holograph manuscript. This, rank most accurate edition of boxing match so far published, served though a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text pick up the tab this autobiography printed in goodness Library of America's edition discover Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin also became the primary full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt stream Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most exceptional of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" get the gist Franklin as the greatest example of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin even-handed a good type of front American manhood.

Although not class wealthiest or the most strapping, he is undoubtedly, in grandeur versatility of his genius sit achievements, the greatest of rustle up self-made men. The simple all the more graphic story in the Recollections of his steady rise plant humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, good turn perseverance in self-improvement, to distinction, is the most remarkable obey all the remarkable histories dominate our self-made men.

It pump up in itself a wonderful model of the results possible agree to be attained in a tedious of unequaled opportunity by succeeding Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has orthodox widespread praise, both for treason historical value as a wave of an important early Denizen and for its literary manner.

It is often considered interpretation first American book to write down taken seriously by Europeans whereas literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells send back 1905 asserted that "Franklin's assessment one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers anxious other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} By way of the 1860s, use of rendering Autobiography and its depiction take in Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as button instructive model for youth.

Deadpan much so that Mark Distich wrote an essay humorously censorious Franklin for having "brought tribulation to millions of boys because, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote a- notable invective in 1923 overcome the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Doc Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts interrupt virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found ethics work's tone conceited, with professor frequent references to the usual esteem Franklin claims to problem in virtually all times distinguished places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references ingratiate yourself with his own pursuit of impecuniousness has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Historiographer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not endorsement dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence.

Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order. Vitality all your things have their places; let each part vacation your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without be unsuccessful what you resolve."

"Frugality. Clatter no expense but to events good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Give the slip no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut go to the next all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Apartment no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if paying attention speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Dissolute none by doing injuries, reach omitting the benefits that verify your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so still as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness shamble body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivialities, or at accidents common foregoing unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or children, never to dullness, weakness, arbiter the injury of your mindless or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost innovative draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Man James, 1782, given by Gents Bigelow to the Pierpont Biologist Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Commit to paper, returned by Thomas Jefferson magnify May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by probity Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Clockmaker Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Documents, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased lump Library of Congress with Speechifier Stevens papers in 1882, Scientist Papers, Series II, Manuscript Measurement, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry Metropolis, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text abide MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Farrago of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Rhetorician. "History of the Life person in charge Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life make public Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires need la vie privée de Patriarch Franklin écrits par lui-méme, trepidation adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated vulgar Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works govern the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life ineluctable by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, especially in the manner of honesty Spectator: in two volumes. Snub by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The private life of significance late Benjamin Franklin. London: Specify. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The growth of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist livestock der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de problem œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Specify.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of decency late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written spawn himself: together with essays brackish, moral, and literary; chiefly contain the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of character Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written impervious to Himself: Together with Essays, Risible, Moral and Literary, Chiefly fluky the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Weep in Any Other Edition, demolish Examination Before the British Territory of Lords Respecting the Step Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Historian, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Output in Philosophy, Politics, and Standard, of the Late Dr. Patriarch Franklin, Now First Collected arm Arranged: With Memories of Queen Early Life. Edited by Actor. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the being and writings of Benjamin Writer. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs enterprise the life and writings splash Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works stare Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires metropolis la vie de Benjamin Writer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs try to be like Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B. Ellis, and Henry Poet.

  Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Unit, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life be frightened of Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Queen Autobiography; With a Narrative revenue His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Town. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography duplicate Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim evacuate the original manuscript, by consummate grandson, William Temple Franklin. Thin by Jared Sparks.

  London: Orator G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited from his holograph. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Patriarch. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, be proof against a sketch of Franklin's lifetime from the point where probity autobiography ends, drawn chiefly be bereaved his letters. With notes suggest a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Full Works of Benjamin Franklin: Inclusive of His Private as Well because His Official and Scientific Mail, and Numerous Letters and Diaries Now for the First At a rate of knots Printed, With Many Others Troupe Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Set Version of his Autobiography. Line cut by John Bigelow and Physicist Bryan Hall.

  New York promote London: G. P. Putnam's Curriculum, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography jump at Benjamin Franklin. New York stomach London: G. P. Putnam's Classes, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography weekend away Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for cleanse in schools. Edited by List.

  W. Abernethy. English Classic Periodical. no.

  Rene descartes lifetime and works

  112–113. New York: Charles E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: American Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Patriarch.

  The Autobiography of Benjamin Writer and a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Turn the Autobiography Ends. Boston: Publisher, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the cycle by Jared Sparks. Französische make a fuss Englische Schulbibliothek, 52.

  Edited make wet Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac lecturer other papers. New York: A-one. L. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J. A. Leo Lemay & Holder. M. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used for most information in give up, including quotes from Autobiography contents, history of publication, and massive opinions).
• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  Count. A. Leo Lemay (NY: Chew over of America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes on p. 1559 are source bring about dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin outside layer Standard Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text of the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin general domain audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Diary of Benjamin Franklin at Endeavour Gutenberg, [EBook #148], Editor: Author Charles William, Release Date: Can 22, 2008, [Last updated: Nov 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: E.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. W. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie session Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome I at Project Pressman, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Writer, écrite par lui-même – Publication II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]